SHOULDER PAIN

The shoulder complex is made of four joints:

1. Sternoclavicular Joint

   1. The only bone-to-bone joint

   2. Held together by a fibrocartilaginous disc

2. Acromioclavicular Joint

   1. Held together only by ligamentous structures.  Particularly the superior acromioclavicular ligament and coracoclavicular ligements

3. Glenohumeral Joint

   1. The glenoid is enlarged in size by the fibrocartilaginous labrum (increases area by 70%)

   2. Held together by capsular ligaments

      1. Coracahumeral ligament

      2. Middle glenohumeral ligament

      3. Superior glenohumeral ligament

   3. The glenohumeral capsule allows marked mobility at the joint.  Normally the humeral joint can be manually distracted 2 to 3 cm with downward traction if the surrounding muscles are relaxed.

4. Scapulothoracic Joint

TOP CAUSES OF PAIN / DISCOMFORT

• Dislocation and Subluxation

• Frozen Shoulder

• Fractured Clavicle (Collar-Bone)

• Rotator Cuff Injury

• Acromioclavicular Separation

SPORTS MOST LIKELY TO CAUSE INJURY

• Rock Climbing

• Tennis

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